Carbureter



GARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1915.

I Patented May 24, 1921. v

2 SHEE'I S'SHEET "Lou/mm- C. F. JOHNSON.

'CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILEDJUNEZ6, 191s.

Patented May 24, 1921 2 SHEEISSHEET 2.

' "being broken away,

1mm STATES PAT ENT OFFICE.

CHESTER F. JOHNSON, OiF DETROIT, MICHIGAN 'OARBURE'I'ER.

Application filed June 26, 1915. Serial No. 36,435.

v w. The present invention has reference to a.

carburetor for internal combustion engines, and its object is to provide means whereby the ingoing air, after haust manifold or other heated portion of the engine, is first brought into heating relation to the-mixture passage at a point in the tion ofthe mixing latterbetween the fuel nozzle and the intake of the engine, thenpasses through that porchamber adjacent the nozzle and fromv thence through the heated portion of. the mixture passage into the en gin; Inthis manner, a large quantity of the'heatthatwould'otherwise he lost is uti- .'lized for I contacts 26 wholly or heating the air supply before, it with the fuel and for afterward malntaining the fuel mixture at a temperature at whlch condensation or deposltion 1S partly eliminated, whereby important economies are obtained. The. nivention further consists .in'means by which the temperature of the air being admitted toithe mix' ng chamber is automatically controlled,

arrangement of passages 'whereby the device is adapted for use on an engine having a ders, theheads '35 from each other; also in the details of conplurality of rows of cylinof which are spaced apart struction shown, described and particularly pointed out in the claims. In the drawings, whlch illustrate a referred embodiment of my invention, Flgure 1 isa-rear elevation through'the device, parts showing its relation to the'exh'aust manifolds and the intakes-of the on me. Fig. 2 is a plan View corresponding to 'ig. 1, parts being broken away. F ig; 3 is a fragmentary vertical section at rlgnt imilar referencecharacters refento like parts throughout the several views.

i' 11 indicates the usual exhaust pipes. or manifolds and 2 the intake manifolds of an engine, the cylinders of which (not shown) *may be arranged in l! relation to the crank (shaft, as inthe well known eightand twelve flcylinder types. x Mounted on and extending across between the exhaust manifolds isa semi tubuIar cover plate that r comprises the Specification of Letters Patent.

passing over the ex along its edges to mg curved conduits 8 whic a jacket for the perforated bosses edges at intervals .bcr throngh the passage Patented May 24, 1921.

ends 3 (which open right angles to the plane of the paper in Fig. 1 and 1n a vertical plane between the cylin- .ders 2; in other words, that the cover plate is intersected by the vertical. the axis of the crank shaft.

The cover plate is attached by screws 6 and-forms a par-t of a cross header that comprises the oppositely extendmerge into'one another at 9 andp'ass downwardly to form plane through axis of the crank shaft of said I e ght and twelve cylinder engines lies at the wall 10 of a mixing chamber. The cross eader also comprises the transverse wall 12 by which the sides of the cover plate are. joined, and the tubular wall 13 spaced apart from and inclosing the wall 10 of the mixing chambers The elements 5 12-13 constitute conduit 8'-1014. From the portions 14 of the conduits 8, the latter are continued downwardly by means of the. pipe sections '15, preferably separate from the remainder of the header'and having the out-turned lower ends16 by which they are attached to the intake manifolds 2.. The walls 10 and 13 18 throu h which extends a shaft 19 equipped with t e usual throttle valve 20 and actuated by the lever 21; these walls may also be the postsj or webs 22 (Fig. 3) between which the air' passages 23 are formed.

Attached to the lower end of the wall 13 by screws 24 (Fig. 3) or in any other desired manner is a float chamber cover 25 havin a cupshaped'bentral depression 26*into which the fuel nozzle 27 is threaded, said nozzle in-- cluding the downwardly extending body portion 28 perforated at 29 and threaded to receive the end of a clamping nut 31 whereby the cup-shaped float chamber body 32 is secured injposition against a shoulder 33 on the cover. .uel is admitted to the float chamgoverned by the float well known manner.

p The cover 25 is upstanding flange 3 8, perforated at 3Q,:whieh may be connected by the 34 and its level is j 35 and valve 36 .e 1'.

provided with an annular of auxiliary;

inclc a ithe downturned perforated flange 40 on the strangle tube 41, the latter of which is spaced somewhat from.t,he cover and extends down into the depression 26. A diaphragm 42, clamped between the wall 13 and the cover, and provided \\'ltl1 the perforations 43. holds the strangle tube in.position. Slidable'vertically within the mixing chamber is a tubular valve 4- to which is secured the spider 45 which leads downwardly to the disk 46 located slightly above the nozzle 27 when the valve is in closed position, as shown, this disk preferably being provided with the downwardly extending annular flange 48. It will he noted that the valve 44 is provided with a rounded lower edge 4A.

The details of these fuel feeding elements proper are quite similar to those shown in my prior Patent Number 1059368 of April 22, 1913; and the operation thereof is as follows: The. primary air passing down between the walls 10 and 13 flows through the openings 43 and 39 and down toward the nozzle, then upwardly past the nozzle and through the strangle tube. In this movement it impin es on the disk .46 and is deflected OlltWtllt ly and, acting conjointly with the suction in the mixing chamber, causes the disk to elevate the valve 44 to a greater or less degree to admit the necessary amount air directly into the mixing chamber. 'hile this construction is desirable, it will be understood that the air circulating and heating features of the invention are applicable in connection with fuelsupplying elements of widely different character. The rounded lower edge 44: prevents whistling of the air as it passes into the mixing chamber.

The cover plate is pierced, preferably at the sides, to form openings 48 which the closures 49 approach or recede from through the action of the thermostat bars 50 secured to the cover plate by rivets 51.

In the use of the device, heated air is drawn through the openings 4 and passes along between the wall 12 and the cross piece 5 of the cover plate, then downwardly between the walls 10' and 13 as indicated by the arrows. In this movement it heats the header 8 and the mixing chamber 10. The air then swee s past the nozzle and through the mixing c iamber as stated above, after which it rises through the heated header and flows to the enginesthrough the conduits 15. Should the temperature of the fuel mixture rise too high, the thermostat bars 50 swing the closures 49 to partly or entirely open the openings 48, and the reverse action takes place an undesira e degree. bus the fuel mixture may be maintained at the temperature of maximum efiiciency regardless of changes in the weather.

Itiis clear that many chanates may be:

through the air conduit.

l\Hpon the tem erature falling to made in the details of 'cbnstruction without departing from the spirit of my invention; for example, the device may be adapted to the usualfour and six cylinder engines. I

openings adjacent thereto, a fuel feeding device supported by the air conduit, said fuel feeding device comprising a fuel reservoir, a nozzle and a mixing chamber, a fuel-mixture conduit leading from the mixing chamber to the engine, said fuel-mixture conduit being arranged in such manner with respect to the air conduit as to be heated by warm air as it passes through the latter and before said warm air reaches the fuel mixture conduit.

2. In combination with spaced exhaust pipes of an internal combustion engine, a conduit for heated air extending across between the exhaust pipes and having intake openings adjacent thereto, a fuel feeding device supported by the air conduit, said 3. In combination with independent spaced exhaust manifolds of an internal combustion engine, said manifolds bein separate from one another and serving di erent cylinders, a fuel nozzle and means for supplying fuel thereto, a fuel-mixture conduit leading from the fuel nozzle to the engine, means for formin an air. conduit, said air conduit being ivided and having intake openings located'in proximity to the several exhaust pipes whereby air entering the conduitcis heated, said fuel-mixture conduit passing 4. In combinationwith a plurality of spaced and separate'intake manifolds of an internal combustion engine, said manifolds being arrang ed on opposite sides of the centrail-longitudinal vertical plane of the em gme, an exhaust pipe, 8. fuel nozzle and means for supplying fuel thereto, a divided fuol-mixture conduit leading from the fuel nozzle to the several intake manifolds, means for formin an air conduit having Ill an opening locate 'in proximity to the exhaunt nine whunby air entering the conduit 5 the. openings whereby the temperature of tion engine, a conduit for heated air extend ing across between-the exhaust pipes and 0 having intake openings adjacent thereto, a

fuel feeding device supported by the air conduit, said fuel feeding device comprising a fuel reservoir, a nozzle. and a mixing chamber, a fuel-mixture conduit leading from 5 the mixing chamber to the engine, said fuelmixture conduit being arranged in such manner with respect to the air conduit as to be heated by Warm air passing through thelatter, said air conduit having a second opening in its wall between the first mentioned openings and the mixing chamber, and a thermally controlled closure for one of the openings whereby the temperature of the irir passing to the mixing chamber is reguated. 1

6. In combination with a plurality of spaced exhaust pipes of an internal "combustion engine, a conduit forheated air ex-.

tending across between the exhaust and having intake openings adjacentt to, a fuel feeding device supported by the air conduit,'said fuel feeding device comipes prising a fuel reservoir, a nozzle and a mix ing chamber, a fuel-mixture conduit leading from the mixing chamber to the engine, saidfuel-mixture conduit being arranged in such manner with respect to the air conduit as to be heated by warm air passing through the latter, said air conduit having a second opening in its wall between the first mentioned openin s and the mixing chamber,

and a thermally controlled closure for the second opening, whereby the temperature of the air passingto the mixing chamber and of the fuel mixture passing from the mixing chamber to the engine isregulated.

' In combination with a plurality of spaced intake manifolds of. an internal combustion engine, an exhaust pipe; a fuel nozzle and .means for supplying fuel thereto, a divided fuel-mixture con uit leading from the fuel nozzle to the several intakeinani folds, means for forming an air-conduit. having an opening located 1n proximity to the exhaust pipe whereby air. entering the conduit is heated, said fuel-mixtureconduit passing-in such relation to the air conduit as to be heated thereby fora considerable air conduitghaving}, a secon 'secondopening being located between the first opening and the mixing chamber, and a thermally controlled closure for one of conduits portion of its length, whereby condensation .1 of. fuel is wholly or'partly reventedys'aid' opening, said.

manifolds a combustible the air passing to the mixing chamber is regulated.

In combination with a plurality of spaced intake manifolds of an internal combustion engine, an exhaust pipe, a fuel nozzle and means for supplying fuel thereto, a divided fuel-mixture conduit leading from the fuel nozzle to the several intake manifolds, means for forming an air. conduit having an opening located in proximity to the exhaust pipe whereby air entering the conduit is heated, said fuel-mixture conduit passing in such relation to the air conduit as to be heated thereby for a considerable portion of its length, whereby condensation of fuel is wholly or partly prevented, said air conduit having a second opening, said second opening being located between the first opening and the mixing chamber, and a thermally controlled closure for the second opening whereby the temperature of the air passing to the mixing chamber is regulated,

9. In combination with means for conducting the exhaust gases of an internal combustion en ine, said means comprising a plurality of ex iaust manifolds spaced apart from each other, a conduit forheated airextending across transversely in reference to the exhaust manifolds and having intake openings adjacent thereto, a fuel feeding device supported by the air conduit, said fuel feedin device comprising a fuel reservoir, a nozz e and a mixing chamber, a fuel-mixture conduit leading from the mixing chamber to the engine, said fuel-mixture conduit being arranged in such manner with respect air as it passes through the latter and before said warm air reaches the fuel mixture conduit.

10. In combination with spaced exhaust a conduit for'heated air extending across between th e exhaust conduits and having an .int'akeopenlng adjacent one of the exhaust conduits, a fuel fee-ding device supported by fuel feeding device the air conduit, said complfisin a fuel reservoir, a nozzle and a mixing 0 amber, a fuel-mixture conduit leading from the mixing chamber to the engine, said fueLmixtureconduit being arranged'in such manner with respect to the air conduit as to be heated by warm air as it passes through the latter and before said warm air reaches the fuel mixture conduit.

11. In combination with a plurality nf spaced intake manifolds of an internal combustionen'gina-said manifolds being located on opposite sides of the central longitudinal vertical plane of the engine, means located between the manifolds for conducting a combustible mixture of airand fuel to both single means for forming the mixture, and means including of an internal combustion engine,

lid

jacket forming means for the mixture forming means whereby heat from the engine is applied to both mixture forming and conducting means to elevate the temperature of the mixture and to prevent condensation.

i2. In combination with a plurality of spaced intake manifolds of an internalcom bastion engine, an exhaust ipe, a fuel nozzle and means for supplying uel thereto, fa divided fuel-mixture conduit leading fro'i the fuel nozzle to the several intake mani olds, means for forming an air conduit having an opening located in proximity to the ex-' haust pipe whereb air entering the conduit is heated, said fue -mixture conduit passing through the air conduit for a considerable portion of its length including a considerable portion of the length of the divisions thereof whereby condensation of fuel is wholly or partly prevented.

In combination witha lurality of spaced. substantiall pa 'allel ex must manifolds of an iuterna combustion engine, said manifolds lying on o posite sides of the longitudinal vertical )lane through the axis of the crank shaft of said engine, a single :iuel feeding means for the engine located intermediate between the exhaust manifolds, and means whereby heat from the exhaust manifolds is-apphed to the fuel feeding means to cause vaporization of the fuel.

14. in combination with a plurality of spaced cshaust manifolds of an internal combustion engine, said manifolds lying on sides of the longitudinal vertical th high the axis of the crank shaft of ine, a fuel feeding incansfor the engine located intermediate between the exhaast manifolds, means whereby heat from the exhaust manifolds is applied to the fuel feeding means to' cause vaporization of the fuel, and thermally controlled means for regulating the application of the heat inaccordauce with weather conditions.

in combination with a plurality of spa red intake manifolds of an internal combastion engine, means supported between the manifolds for forming and supplying a combustible mixture of fuel and an to both manifolds, means whereby heat from the engins intimately a plied to the mixture supplying means to e evate the temperature of thenuxture and to prevent condensation of fuel; in the mixture forming and supplying means, and thermally controlled means forregulating the application of the heat in accordance with weather conditions.

16. In combination with a plurality of spaced intake manifolds of an internal combastion engine, means extending across between the manifolds for forming and supplying a combustible mixture of fuel and. air to both manifolds, and means for transferring heat separately from heated portions of the engine corresponding, respect1vely,to

sides of the longitudinal vertical the manifolds to the mixture forming and supplying means to elevate the temperature of the mixture andto prevent condensation of fuel.

17. In combination with a plurality of spaced intakemanifolds of an internal combustion engine, means extending across be tween themanifolds for formin r and supplying a combustible mixture of fliel and air to both manifolds, means for transferring heat separately from heated portions of the engine corresponding, respectively, to the manifolds to the mixture forming and supplying means to elevate the temperature of the mixture and to prevent condensation of fuel, and thermally controlled means for regulating the application of the heat in accordance with weather conditions.

18. In combination with a plurality of spaced intake manifolds of an internal combustion engine, said manifolds being located on opposite sides of the central longitudinal vertical plane of the engine, means extend ing across betweenthe manifolds for forming and supplying a combustible mixture of fuel and air to both manifolds, means for transferring heat separately from heated portions of the engine corresponding, rcspcctively, to the manifolds to the mixture forming and sup lying means toclevate the tem )erature of t iemixture and to )revent condensation of fuel, and thermal y controlled means for re ulating the application of the heat in accorr ance with weather conditions, said thermally controlled means including means for separately regulating the application of heat from the separate heated portions of the engine.

1!). lncombination with a plurality of spaced manifolds of an internal combustion engine, said manifolds lying on opposite sides of the longitudinal vertical plane through the axis of. the crank shaft of said engine, a single fuel feeding means for the engine located intermediate between the manifolds, a divided conduit for conducting fuel mixture from the fuel feeding means to the manifolds, and means, independent of the cooling means for the engine, for apply- Ijl' heat from said engine to the fuel mixltii're conduit.

20. In combination with a plurality of spaced manifolds of an internal combustion engine, said manifolds lying on oppgsite ane through the axis of the crank shaft 0 said engine, a single fuel feeding means for the engine located intermediate between the manifolds, a divided conduit for conducting fuel mixture from the fuel feeding means to the manifolds, and means, independent of any waterjacket which may be associated with said engine, for applying heatfrom said e e to the-fuel mixture conduit.

21. combination with a plurality of spaced manifolds of an internal combustion engine, said manifolds lying on opposite sides of the longitudinal vertical plane through the axis of the crank shaft of said engine, fuel feeding means for the engine located intermediate between the manifolds, a divided conduit extending transversely of the engine for conducting fuel mixture from the fuel feeding means to the manifolds, and means, independent of the cooling means for the engine, for applying heat from said engine to the fuel mixture conduit at points between the point at which the fuel mixture conduit divides and the intake of the corresponding engine cylinders.

22. A cross header for internal combustion engines, fuel feeding means supported by the header near the middle thereof, said cross header including passages through which fuel mixture is delivered from the fuel feeding means in oppositely directed currents, and also including jackets for the first mentioned passages through which air is conducted to the fuel feeding means in currents directed oppositely to the first mentioned currents corresponding thereto, and means for heating said air.

28. The combination with an internal combustion engine having cylinders arranged in V-relation, a cross-header bridging the V of: sa1d cylinders, a fuel feeder supported there on, said cross-header including passages disposed crosswise of the engine and extendin in opposite directions ,from the centr: longitudinal plane thereof, through which fuel mixture may flow, and jacket means having passages through which gaseous fluid fiows to heat the fuel mixture, the direction of flow of said fluid being such that the hottest portion of the fluid supplies heat to those ortions of the first named passages fart lest from the fuel feeder.

' 24. The combination with an internal combustion engine having cylinders ar anged in V-relation, a cross header bridging the V of said cylinders and shaped in plan v iew to resemble the letter Tl, fuel feeding means supported on the cross-bar of the header substantially equally distant from the side bars thereof, said cross-header having passages through which fuel mixture is con ducted from the fuel feeding means in oppositely directed currents, said cross-header including means for jacketing a part at least of each of said passages to provide for the passage of air for heating the walls thereof. and means for heating said air.

In an internal combustion engine, a cross header having a pair of side elements substantially parallel to each other and a tubular cross-element whereby the side elements are connected. fuel feeding means supported on the cross-clement, the cross element having passagcs through which \varm fresh air is drawn in toward the fuel feeding means from the side elements and through which fuel mixture flows from the fuel feeding means toward the side cleincnts.

213. in internal combustion engine comprising an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold. a fuel feeder, a conduit leading from the fuel feeder to the intake manifold, and a jacket through which frcsh air is supplied to the mixture conduit, said jacket extending entirely around the fucl mixture conduit for a cimsidcrablc proportion of the length thereof and having an intake opening in )roximity to the exhaust manifold.

27. in internal combustion engine comprising an intake manifold, a fuel feeder, a conduit leading from the fuel feeder to the intake manifold. and a jacket through which fresh air is supplied to the mixture conduit, said jacket extending entirely around the fuel mixture conduit for a considerable proportion of'thc length thereof and having an intake opening in proximity to a. highly heated )ortion of the engine.

.2 'l he combination with an internal com bastion cngine having cylinders arranged in V--rclation. a cross-header bridging the V of said cylinders. fucl fccding means supported by the header near the middle thereof, said cross-hcmlcr including passages through which fuel mixture is delivered from the fuel feeding means in oppositely directed currents, and also including jackets for the first mentioned passages through which air is conducted to the fuel feeding means in currents directed oppositely to the first mentioned currents corresponding thereto, and means for heating said air.

in testimony whereof I have signed this spcci fication. 

